Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT)

Cognitive analytic therapy is a UK-developed approach that combines CBT's practical, structured style with psychodynamic ideas about how early relationships shape recurring patterns. Its signature move is mapping: early on, you and your therapist put your patterns onto paper — a "reformulation letter" and diagrams that name the repeating traps you fall into (like people-pleasing followed by resentment and withdrawal) so you can catch them as they happen.

Because it's time-limited (typically 16 or 24 sessions) with a clear structure and a written map you keep afterwards, CAT suits people who want the insight-focused depth of psychodynamic work without an open-ended commitment. It works particularly well for relationship patterns that keep recurring across different partners, friendships or jobs.

NHS services in some areas offer CAT, and it's well-regarded for personality difficulties and relational patterns specifically. CAT therapists listed with ABCAP have verified training and insurance.

Frequently asked questions

What is the "reformulation letter"?

A written summary, usually shared around session 4, describing the patterns you and your therapist have identified — where they may have come from and how they show up now. You keep it and refer back to it throughout the therapy.

How long does CAT take?

Almost always time-limited and agreed upfront — typically 16 sessions, sometimes 24 for more complex difficulties. The end date is built in from the start, which some people find more containing than open-ended therapy.

What is CAT particularly good for?

Recurring relationship patterns, difficulty with self-worth, and personality-level difficulties — situations where the same problematic pattern shows up across different contexts and relationships.

Is CAT similar to CBT?

They share a practical, structured style, but CAT digs into the origins of a pattern (more like psychodynamic work) rather than focusing purely on current thoughts and behaviours.